There are generally four different types of pre employment assessment which determine one's skills, knowledge, and experience required for the position being applied for. These exam types include:
Oral and essay tests: These tests measure how well one can synthesize ideas and answers to critical thinking questions.
Typing tests: These exams are given in order to assess one's typing skills in terms of speed and efficiency. Candidates must be at a level high enough to meet job requirements.
Experience and training ratings: This assessment is given in addition to one's application when candidates are asked to document their educational background and work experience. This step allows employers to note how comfortable and familiar candidates are in particular fields.
Multiple-choice tests: This is the most popular style of testing when assessing candidates' capabilities, cognitive aptitude, skills, personality, and knowledge in the related subjects.
Sometimes these tests are also divided into cognitive/personality, with the former having objectively right/wrong answers, and the latter being more subjective by asking you to describe yourself using various methods including scales of agreement regarding statements.